More than 70 percent of India's
territory drains into the Bay of Bengal via the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system
and a number of large and small peninsular rivers.
Areas draining into the Arabian Sea,
accounting for about 20 percent of the total, lie partially within the Indus
drainage basin (in northwestern India) and partially
within a completely separate set of
drainage basins well to the south (in Gujarat,estern Madhya Pradesh, northern
Maharashtra, and areas west of the Western Ghats).
Most of the remaining area, less than 10 percent of the total, lies in regions
of interior drainage, notably in the Great Indian Desert of Rajasthan state
(another is in the Aksai Chin, a barren plateau in a portion of Kashmir administered
by China but claimed by India). Finally, less than 1 percent of India's area,
along the border with Myanmar, drains into the Andaman Sea via tributaries of
the Irrawaddy River.
Drainage into the Bay of Bengal
The
Ganges-Brahmaputra river system
The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers,
together with their tributaries, drain about one-third of India. The Ganges
(Ganga), considered sacred by the country's Hindu population, is 1,560 miles
(2,510 km) long. Although its deltaic portion lies mostly in Bangladesh, the
course of the Ganges within India is longer than that of any of the country's
other rivers. It has numerous headstreams that are fed by runoff and meltwater
from Himalayan glaciers and mountain peaks. The main headwater, the Bhagirathi
River, rises at an elevation of about 10,000 feet (3,000 metres) at the foot of
the Gangotri Glacier, considered sacred by Hindus.
The Ganges-Brahmaputra river system
The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, together with their tributaries, drain about one-third of India. The Ganges (Ganga), considered sacred by the country's Hindu population, is 1,560 miles (2,510 km) long. Although its deltaic portion lies mostly in Bangladesh, the course of the Ganges within India is longer than that of any of the country's other rivers. It has numerous headstreams that are fed by runoff and meltwater from Himalayan glaciers and mountain peaks. The main headwater, the Bhagirathi River, rises at an elevation of about 10,000 feet (3,000 metres) at the foot of the Gangotri Glacier, considered sacred by Hindus.
The Ganges-Brahmaputra river system
The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, together with their tributaries, drain about one-third of India. The Ganges (Ganga), considered sacred by the country's Hindu population, is 1,560 miles (2,510 km) long. Although its deltaic portion lies mostly in Bangladesh, the course of the Ganges within India is longer than that of any of the country's other rivers. It has numerous headstreams that are fed by runoff and meltwater from Himalayan glaciers and mountain peaks. The main headwater, the Bhagirathi River, rises at an elevation of about 10,000 feet (3,000 metres) at the foot of the Gangotri Glacier, considered sacred by Hindus.
The Ganges-Brahmaputra river system
The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers,
together with their tributaries, drain about one-third of India. The Ganges
(Ganga), considered sacred by the country's Hindu population, is 1,560 miles
(2,510 km) long. Although its deltaic portion lies mostly in Bangladesh, the
course of the Ganges within India is longer than that of any of the country's
other rivers. It has numerous headstreams that are fed by runoff and meltwater
from Himalayan glaciers and mountain peaks. The main headwater, the Bhagirathi
River, rises at an elevation of about 10,000 feet (3,000 metres) at the foot of
the Gangotri Glacier, considered sacred by Hindus.
Lakes and inland drainage
Resort house on Wular Lake in the Vale of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir state, India.
For such a large country, India has
few natural lakes. Most of the lakes in the Himalayas were formed when glaciers
either dug out a basin or dammed an area with earth and rocks. Wular Lake in
Jammu and Kashmir, by contrast, is the result of a tectonic depression.
Although its area fluctuates, Wular Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake
in India.
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