List of Presidents of India (1947-Till Date)

1.Rajendra Prasad

26-Jan-1950  -13-May-1962  
Political party : Indian National Congress

Prasad was the first President of independent India. He was also an independence activist of the Indian Independence Movement. Prasad was the only president to serve for two terms in office.

2.Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
13-May-1962   - 13-May-1967   
Political party : Independent  
Radhakrishnan was a prominent philosopher, writer, a Knight of the Realm and also held the position of vice chancellor of the Andhra University and Banaras Hindu University. Hewas also made a Knight of the Golden Army of Angels by Pope Paul VI.

3.Zakir Hussain

13-May-1967 - 3-May-1969   
Political party : Independent  
Hussain was vice chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University and a recipient of Padma Vibhushan and Bharat Ratna. He died before his term of office was ended.

Varahagiri Venkata Giri *

3-May-1969  - 20-Jul-1969   
Political party : Independent  
Giri was appointed as acting president following the death of Hussain. He resigned in a few months to take partin the presidential elections.

Muhammad Hidayatullah *

20-Jul-1969  - 24-Aug-1969   
Political party : Independent  
Hidayatullah served as the Chief Justice of India, and was a recipient of the Order of the British Empire. He served as acting president until the election of Giri as the President of India.

4.Varahagiri Venkata Giri

24-Aug-1969   - 24-Aug-1974  
Political party : Independent   
Giri is the only person to have served as both an acting president and president of India. He was a recipient ofthe Bharat Ratna, and has functioned as Indian Minister of Labour and High Commissioner to Ceylon (Sri Lanka).

5.Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed

24-Aug-1974 - 11-Feb-1977   
Political party : Indian National Congress  
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed served as a Minister before being elected as president. He died in 1977 before his term of office ended, and was the second Indian president to have diedduring a term of office.

Basappa Danappa Jatti *

11-Feb-1977   - 25-Jul-1977   
Political party : Independent  
Jatti was the vice president of India during Ahmed's term of office, and was sworn in as acting president upon Ahmed's death. He earlier functioned as the Chief Minister for the State of Mysore.

6.Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

25-Jul-1977 - 25-Jul-1982   
Political party : Janata Party  
Reddy was the only Member ofParliament from the Janata Party to get elected from Andhra Pradesh. He was unanimously elected Speaker of the Lok Sabha on 26 March 1977 and relinquished this office on 13 July 1977 to become the 6th President ofIndia.

7.Giani Zail Singh

25-Jul-1982    - 25-Jul-1987   
Political party : Indian National Congress  
In March 1972, Singh assumed the position of chief Minister of Punjab, and in 1980, he became Union Home Minister.

8.Ramaswamy Venkataraman
25-Jul-1987  - 25-Jul-1992  
Political party : Indian National Congress  
In 1942, Venkataraman was jailed by the British for his involvement in the India's independence movement.After his release, he was elected to independent India’s Provisional Parliament as a member of the Congress Party in 1950 and eventually joinedthe central government, where he first served as Minister of Finance and Industry and later as Minister of Defence.

9.Shankar Dayal Sharma

25-Jul-1992 - 25-Jul-1997   
Political party : Indian National Congress  
Sharma was Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, and the Indian Minister for Communications. He has also served as the governor of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Maharashtra.

10.Kocheril Raman Narayanan

25-Jul-1997- 25-Jul-2002   
Political party : Independent  
Narayanan served as India's ambassador to Thailand, Turkey, China and United States of America. He received doctorates in Science and Law and was also a chancellor in several universities. He was also the vice-chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University.

11.A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
25-Jul-2002 -25-Jul-2007   
Political party : Independent  
Kalam was a scientist who played a leading role in the development of India's ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programs. Kalam also received the Bharat Ratna.

12.Pratibha Patil
25-Jul-2007
Political party : Indian National Congress  
Patil was the first woman to become President of India. She was also the first female Governor

13.Pranab Mukherjee

25th-July 2012

Political party : Indian National Congress 
Mukherjee was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress until he resigned from political office preceding his election as President on 22 July 2012. He took office as the 13th President of India on 25 July 2012.Mukherjee has received several accolades and honors. In 1984, he was rated as the best Finance Minister in the World according to a survey of Euromoney magazine.

GEOGRAPHY TERMS

GEOGRAPHY TERMS 

ANTIPODES	A region or place on the opposite side of a point on the earth.
ANTICYCLONES	Winds which blow outward from the center.
APHELION	Position of the earth in its orbit when is at the maximum distance from the sun.
ARCHIPELAGO	A cluster of islands, e.g., Pearl Islands in the Gulf of Panama.
ATOLL	Coral reef resembling a horse shoe, enclosing a lagoon.
AXIS	An imaginary line joining north and south poles.
AVALANCHE	A vast mass of snow mixed with earth or stones.
BIOSPHERE	Animate or inanimate organic kingdom on earth.
CANYON	A deep valley cut by a river through a mountain region, e,g., the Grand Canyon of the Colarado river in the USA.
CONTINENTAL SHELF	Land adjoining a continent submerged in the sea.
CYCLONES	A low pressure system area in which the wind blows spirally inward.
CROP ROTATION	Growing different crops needing different minerals for their growth in the same piece of land in order to get more yield.
DATE LINE	An imaginary line pointing north-south approximating to the Meridian 180 (east or west) where the date changes by one day the moment it is crossed.
DELTA	Alluvial deposit shaped like Greek letter, formed at the mouth of the river, where it falls into the sea, e.g., the Sunderban delta.
DEW	Condensed atmospheric water vapours due to the cooling of the air.
DRY FARMING	Growing of crops in low rainfall areas by moisture conservation, crop rotation but without irrigation.
EQUATOR	An imaginary line dividing the earth into two equal parts.
EQUINOXES	The day on which nights and days are of equal duration, e.g., March 22 and September 23.
EROSION	Wearing away of the earth's land surface by rain, wind, water, etc. rendering the land infertile.
ECLIPSE	When one earthly body obscures another one partially or completely.
FOG	When the atmospheric moisture touches cold earth and condenses on dust particles.
FROST	When the atmospheric moisture deposits in the shape of icy flakes on the exposed objects or near the ground due to below freezing point temperature.
HIGH SEAS	The parts of the sea which do not come under the territorial jurisdiction of the nations.
ICEBERG	Huge mass of ice separated from glacier in the polar regions. These masses of ice float in the oceans with 9 parts submerged in the ocean and one part visible.
ISOBARS	Lines on the map connecting the places of the same pressure.
ISOTHERMS	Lines on the map joining the places of the same temperature.
ISTHMUS	Narrow neck of land joining two land areas.
KUNDAN	Anew variety of wheat which gives high yields in both rained and irrigated tracts and responds well to low dose of water and fertiliser.
LAGOON	A shallow stream of water at the mouth of a river enclosed bu dunes of river silt.
LIGHT YEAR	The distance traveled by light in one year. It is equal to 9.4*10612 km.
LOCAL TIME	Time calculated from the sun at noon at any place of earth.
MERIDIAN	Imaginary line joining north and south poles and cutting the equator at right angles.
MIST	It is just like fog but contain more moisture.
OASIS	A part of the desert where water and vegetation are found.
ORBIT	The path of the heavenly bodies.
PYGMALLION POINT	The southernmost point of India, 700 km away from mainland India.
PRAIRIES	Smooth, treeless, green plain of Central and North America.
REEF	Jutting of rock or shingle or sand at just above or below sea level.
SAVANNA	Land covered with natural grass.
SIDEREAL DAY	Time taken by the earth to rotate once round its axis.
SNOW LINE	Altitudinal line along which the area remains snow clad.
SPRING TIDES	Higher tides in the ocean caused by the sun and the moon together. When the sun, the earth and the moon are positioned in a straight line.
NEAP TIDES	Tides caused by the differences of the forces exerted by the moon and the sun when both are at right angles to each other.
TORNADO	A brisk and violent storm generally having rotator motion.
TUNDRAS	Peripheral area of Arctic ocean.
TYCOON	Violent hurricane in China Sea.
WEATHER SATELLITE	Artificial satellite designed to forecast weather.
WESTERLIES	Constant winds blowing from south-west in the northern hemisphere and north-west in south hemisphere.