Literacy Rate in India (As per 2011 Census)

Literacy Rate In Indian State: Census 2011

Rank	State	Literacy rate (2011 Census)	Literacy rate-Male (2011 Census)	Literacy rate-Female (2011 Census)
1	Andaman & Nicobar Islands	86.3%	90.1%	81.8%
2	Andhra Pradesh	67.7%	75.6%	59.7%
3	Arunachal Pradesh	67.0%	73.7%	59.6%
4	Assam	73.2%	78.8%	67.3%
5	Bihar	63.8%	73.5%	53.3%
6	Chandigarh	86.4%	90.5%	81.4%
7	Chattisgarh	71.0%	81.5%	60.6%
8	Dadra & Nagar Haveli	77.7%	86.5%	65.9%
9	Daman & Diu	87.1%	91.5%	79.6%
10	Delhi	86.3%	91.0%	80.9%
11	Goa	87.4%	92.8%	81.8%
12	Gujarat	79.3%	87.2%	70.7%
13	Haryana	76.6%	85.4%	66.8%
14	Himachal Pradesh	83.8%	90.8%	76.6%
15	Jammu and Kashmir	68.7%	78.3%	58.0%
16	Jharkhand	67.6%	78.5%	56.2%
17	Karnataka	75.6%	82.8%	68.1%
18	Kerala	93.9%	96.0%	92.0%
19	Lakshadweep	92.3%	96.1%	88.2%
20	Madhya Pradesh	70.6%	80.5%	60.0%
21	Maharashtra	82.9%	89.8%	75.5%
22	Manipur	79.8%	86.5%	73.2%
23	Meghalaya	75.5%	77.2%	73.8%
24	Mizoram	91.6%	93.7%	89.4%
25	Nagaland	80.1%	83.3%	76.7%
26	Orissa	73.5%	82.4%	64.4%
27	Puducherry	86.5%	92.1%	81.2%
28	Punjab	76.7%	81.5%	71.3%
29	Rajasthan	67.1%	80.5%	52.7%
30	Sikkim	82.2%	87.3%	76.4%
31	Tamil Nadu	80.3%	86.8%	73.9%
32	Tripura	87.8%	92.2%	83.1%
33	Uttar Pradesh	69.7%	79.2%	59.3%
34	Uttarakhand	79.6%	88.3%	70.7%
35	West Bengal	77.1%	82.7%	71.2%
-	Whole INDIA	74.04%	82.14%	65.46%

GENERATION OF COMPUTERS

A computer is an electronic device that executes the instructions in a program (or simply performs Mathematical Calculations.).A computer has four main functions:

1)  It accepts data (Taking Input).
2)  Then it processes the input data.
3)  Produces output.
4)  Stores Results. 

History of Computers: Generations

First Generation (1940-1956) Vacuum Tubes.

Second Generation (1956-1963) Transistors.

Third Generation (1964-1971) Integrated Circuits.

Fourth Generation (1971-Present) Microprocessors.

Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond) Artificial Intelligence. Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in development, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. Quantum computation and molecular and nanotechnology will radically change the face of computers in years to come.

Input and Output Devices of a Computer

A computer interacts with the external environment via the input-output (I/O) devices attached to it. Input device is used for providing data and instructions to the computer. After processing the input data, computer provides output to the user via the output device. The I/O devices that are attached, externally, to the computer machine are also called peripheral devices. Different kinds of input and output devices are used for different kinds of input and output requirements.Here Iam going to share you list of Input and Output and Both devices....

Input Devices:                                                         output devices:  

 a) Graphics Tablets                                                      a) Monitor

 

b) Cameras                                                                     b) Printers

c) Video Capture Hardware                                         c) Projector

d) Trackballs                                                                  d) Plotters

e) Barcode reader                                                          e) Speakers

f) Digital camera                                                             f) Computer Output Microfilm(COM)

g) Gamepad                                                                    g)  LCD Projection Panel

h) Joystick

i) Keyboard

j) Microphone

k) MIDI keyboard

l) Mouse (pointing device)

m) Scanner

n) Webcam

o) Touchpads

p) Pen Input

q) Microphone

r) Electronic Whiteboard

Both Input-OutPut Devices:

a) Modems

b) Network cards

c) Touch Screen

d) Headsets (Headset consists of Speakers and Microphone. Speaker act Output Device and         Microphone act as Input device)

e) Facsimile (FAX) (It has scanner to scan the document and also have printer to Print the         document

f) Audio Cards / Sound Card

Types Of Computer Memory

Computer memory is responsible for storing data and applications on a temporary or a permanent basis.Without a memory device/arrangement in place, the processor would not be able to find a place which is needed to store the  calculations and processes. There are various types of computer memory  that can be installed, depending upon the actual need for functioning and  specifications of the system. Computer memory can be primarily classified into two types those are Primary Memory and Secondary Memory.

                                                            

                                                            PRIMARY MEMORY

Primary Memory (also called main memory), is used for immediate access of data by the processor. While primary memory storage demonstrates faster processing ability, it is costly and hence is not largely used for data storage. Primary Memory can be divided into two types - Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM). RAM retains its contents as long as the power supply is on. A RAM chip is used as primary memory in most computers today.

Random Access Memory (RAM)
RAM is a memory scheme within the computer system responsible for storing data on a temporary basis, so that it can be promptly accessed by the processor as and when needed. It is volatile in nature, which means that data will be erased once supply to the storage device is turned off.

There are primarily two forms of RAM: Static RAM (SRAM) and Dynamic RAM (DRAM).

Static RAM: The most expensive of the lot, SRAM uses bistable latching circuitry to store one bit each, and hence is faster than its counterpart. Its high price prevents it from being widely used in everyday computing machines, but many modern machines use SRAM as the processor's cache register.

Dynamic RAM: Widely used in modern computers as primary memory, DRAM is slower than SRAM, but is inexpensive due to its one transistor-one capacitor paired assembly of memory storage.

Read Only Memory (ROM)

Unlike RAM, ROM is a permanent form of storage. ROM stays active regardless of whether power supply to it is turned on or off. In spite of this, ROM was used (in rare cases is still used) as the primary device for most computers back in the '80s. This was because ROM devices do not allow data stored on them to be modified. As the name itself suggests, data can only be accessed and read by the user, not overwritten, upgraded, or modified.

                                                           SECONDARY MEMORY
Secondary memory is available on mass storage devices for permanent data storage. Data stored on a secondary device is retained even when it is not supplied any power.

Unlike primary memory, secondary memory is not directly accessible by the computer. When a computer needs to run or execute an application stored in secondary memory, it first brings it to primary memory storage for a while, to control and carry out its execution. Once execution of the application is done, the processor releases the application and restores its control and memory data with the secondary memory device.

Popular secondary memory devices include hard disk drives, flash drives (pen drives, memory cards etc.), and zip drives....

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North Region (Delhi, Rajasthan & Uttrakhand)

North Western Sub-Region (Hariyana, Punjab, J&K, Himachal Pradesh )

Central Region (Uttar Pradesh & Bihar)

Western Region (Maharashtra, Gujrat,Goa)

Eastern Region (West Bengal, Orrisa, Jharkhand, A&N Island, Sikkim)

MP Sub-Region (Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh)

North Eastern Region (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura, Nagaland, Mizoram)

Southern Region (Andhra Pradesh, Punduchery, Tamil Nadu)

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